Malaysia (Malay, English: Malaysia), referred to as Malaysia, is a constitutional federal monarchy with Kuala Lumpur as its capital and Putrajaya as the administrative center of the federal government. The country is divided into 13 states and 3 federal territories, covering an area of about 330,000 square kilometers. Malaysia is located in Southeast Asia, the country is separated by the South China Sea into two parts, east and west, namely, the southern part of the Malay Peninsula (West Malaysia) and the northern part of Kalimantan Island (East Malaysia), with a population of 33 million (2023). Of these, 70% are Malay, 22.7% Chinese, 6.6% Indian, and 0.7% of other races. At the beginning of the A.D., the Malay Peninsula was home to the ancient kingdoms of Kratom and Wolfsbane; in the early 15th century, the Kingdom of Mannarajah, centered on Malacca, united most of the Malay Peninsula; in the 16th century, it was successively occupied by Portugal, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom; and at the beginning of the 20th century, it was completely reduced to a British colony. Kalimantan Island Sarawak, Sabah historically belonged to Brunei, in 1888 the two places fell into the British protectorate. In World War II, the Malay Peninsula, Sarawak and Sabah were occupied by Japan. After the war, Britain resumed colonial rule, and on August 31, 1957, the United Malaysian States declared independence; on September 16, 1963, the United Malaysian States merged with Singapore, Sarawak and Sabah to form Malaysia (on August 9, 1965, Singapore withdrew). Malaysia is a multi-ethnic, multicultural country and the official religion is Islam. Malaysia is a capitalist country, its economy surged in the 1990s, one of the four Asian tigers, has become a notable diversified emerging industrial countries in the Asian region and the world's emerging market economies. The country has implemented a new economic policy that prioritizes the Malay and Aboriginal communities, and in 2022, Malaysia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was US$343.5 billion, with a GDP growth rate of 8.7% and a GDP per capita of US$12,040. Sultan Ibrahim Sultan Iskandar of the Malaysian state of Johor is sworn in as the 17th Supreme Head of State at the National Palace in the capital city of Kuala Lumpur on January 31, 2024, local time, to begin his five-year term.